New biomarker to predict MS progression discovered

A new study has identified a specific type of brain lesion, known as a broad rim lesion (BRL), as a potential marker for rapid progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). This discovery could pave the way for more targeted treatments and improved monitoring of disease progression.

Researchers analysed brain tissue from 186 people with MS, focusing on those with either very rapid or very slow disease progression. They found that BRLs, those with a wide rim of activated immune cells, were significantly more common in patients with rapid progression. These lesions exhibited signs of heightened immune activity and stress responses, suggesting a link to more aggressive disease forms.

To validate these findings, the team conducted imaging studies using positron emission tomography (PET) scans on 114 living patients with MS. The presence of BRLs on these scans correlated with faster disability accumulation, reinforcing their potential as a biomarker for disease progression.

While current MS treatments primarily focus on reducing relapse rates, this study underscores the need for therapies that address the underlying mechanisms of disease progression. The identification of BRLs offers hope for more personalised treatment approaches.